The porcine Major Histocompatibility Complex and related paralogous regions: a review

Free access article

Issue		Genet. Sel. Evol. Volume 32, Number 2, March-April 2000


Page(s)		109 - 128
DOI		10.1051/gse:2000101

DOI: 10.1051/gse:2000101

Genet. Sel. Evol. 32 (2000) 109-128

The porcine Major Histocompatibility Complex and related paralogous regions: a review

Patrick Chardon - Christine Renard - Claire Rogel Gaillard - Marcel Vaiman

Laboratoire de radiobiologie et d'étude du génome, Département de génétique animale, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique,

78352, Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France

(Received 18 November 1999; accepted 17 January 2000)

Abstract:

The physical alignment of the entire region of the pig major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been almost completed. In swine, the MHC is called the SLA (swine leukocyte antigen) and most of its class I region has been sequenced. Over one hundred genes have been characterised, including the classical class I and class I-related genes, as well as the class II gene families. These results in swine provide new evidence for the striking conservation during the evolution of a general MHC framework, and are consistent with the location of the class I genes on segments referred to as permissive places within the MHC class I region. Recent results confirm the involvement of the SLA region in numerous quantitative traits.

Keywords: pig / major histocompatibility complex / physical map / performance / paralogous regions

Résumé:

Le complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité du porc et les régions paralogues. La construction de la carte physique du Complexe Majeur d'Histocompatibi- lité du porc (SLA) est pratiquement achevée et la séquence nucléotidique d'une grande partie de la région SLA des gènes de classe I est d'ores et déjà disponible. Plus de 100 gènes de la région dont les différentes familles de gènes d'histocompatibilité ont été caractérisés. Les résultats obtenus chez le porc montrent l'existence d'une trame ancestrale de gènes, conservée durant l'évolution. Ils renforcent l'hypothèse de la multiplication et différenciation des gènes de classe I après spéciation et de leur confinement dans des segments particuliers, désignés comme permissifs, de la région de classe I. Des résultats récents confirment la participation de la région SLA dans de multiples caractères quantitatifs.

Mots clé : porc / histocompatibilité / carte physique / régions paralogues / caractères quantitatifs

Correspondence and reprints: Patrick Chardon
chardon@biotec.jouy.inra.fr

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