Issue |
Genet. Sel. Evol.
Volume 36, Number 1, January-February 2004
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|
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Page(s) | 97 - 104 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/gse:2003053 |
DOI: 10.1051/gse:2003053
Estimating the frequency of Asian cytochrome B haplotypes in standard European and local Spanish pig breeds
Alex Clopa, Marcel Amillsa, José Luís Noguerab, Ana Fernándezc, Juan Capoted, Maria Misericòrdia Ramóne, Lucía Kellyf, James M.H. Kijasg, Leif Anderssong and Armand Sànchezaa Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
b Area de Producció Animal, Centre UdL-IRTA, Alcalde Rovira Roure 177, Lleida 25198, Spain
c Area de Genética y Mejora Animal, SGIT-INIA, Ctra. De la Coruña km. 7, Madrid 28040, Spain
d Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, Apartado de correos 60, La Laguna 38200, Spain
e Departament de Biologia, Laboratori de Genètica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, Palma de Mallorca 07071, Spain
f Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Av. Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo, CP 11600, Uruguay
g Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
(Received 20 December 2002; accepted 27 August 2003)
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA has been widely used to perform phylogenetic studies in
different animal species. In pigs, genetic variability at the cytochrome B
gene and the D-loop region has been used as a tool to dissect the genetic relationships between different breeds
and populations. In this work, we
analysed four SNP at the cytochrome B gene to infer the Asian (A1 and
A2 haplotypes) or European (E1 and E2 haplotypes) origins of several European
standard and local pig breeds. We found a mixture of Asian and European
haplotypes in the Canarian Black pig (E1, A1 and A2), German Piétrain
(E1, A1 and A2), Belgian Piétrain (E1, A1), Large White (E1 and A1) and
Landrace (E1 and A1) breeds. In contrast, the Iberian (Guadyerbas,
Ervideira, Caldeira, Campanario, Puebla and Torbiscal strains) and the
Majorcan Black pig breeds only displayed the E1 haplotype. Our results show
that the introgression of Chinese pig breeds affected most of the major
European standard breeds, which harbour Asian haplotypes at diverse
frequencies (
15-56%). In contrast, isolated local Spanish breeds, such as the
Iberian and Majorcan Black pig, only display European cytochrome B
haplotypes, a feature that evidences that they were not crossed with other
Chinese or European commercial populations. These findings illustrate how
geographical confinement spared several local Spanish breeds from the
extensive introgression event that took place during the 18th and
19th centuries in Europe.
Key words: mitochondria / cytochrome B / pig breeds / Asian and European haplotypes / introgression
Correspondence and reprints: Armand.Sanchez@uab.es
© INRA, EDP Sciences 2004